Analysis on the problems existing in China's domestic service industry

1. The contradiction between supply and demand is a prominent problem in the domestic industry

Short supply is the main problem in domestic service industry. The contradiction between supply and demand of family service industry is mainly reflected in the following three aspects: the overall shortage of supply, the shortage of service quality and seasonal shortage.

The overall shortage is reflected in the fact that the number of domestic waiters can not meet the huge market demand. The shortage of service quality means that the comprehensive quality, professional skills and professional ethics of waiters can not meet the needs of consumers. The shortage of service quality is also reflected in the lack of highly skilled and highly qualified professionals in family services. There is a shortage of professional talents such as senior sister-in-law and senior nursery teacher, which is difficult to meet the expanding high-end needs of consumers.

The seasonal shortage of supply is mainly due to the fact that employees take rural women, laid-off workers and unemployed people in other places as the theme, a large number of family waiters go home to work and rest during the Spring Festival, busy farming and other times, and the increase of demand during holidays.

2. Nonstandard market management and lack of supervision mechanism in the domestic industry

There is no unified and clear competent department for family service entities, which is not conducive to the standardization of market management and is easy to cause industry confusion. Civil affairs, human resources and social security, industry and commerce, women's federations and other departments all participate in market management to varying degrees, but the division of labor is unclear.

Due to the lack of effective supervision and restriction mechanism in the industry, disputes involving all parties are frequent and difficult to coordinate, and the rights and interests of family service institutions, employees and consumers have not been effectively safeguarded to varying degrees.

3. The service price is chaotic and the service standard is not perfect

Most domestic companies have their own service price forms on their websites, but the actual signed prices are often very different from those on the forms. Take a website as an example, find a nanny with children. The junior nanny is 2000 a month. However, the actual telephone will guide you to find a more advanced nanny, and the salary level varies greatly.

In the non-standard domestic market, almost every domestic company has the phenomenon of price rise. First, many nannies come from rural areas. During the period from returning home for the Spring Festival to returning to Beijing, there are vacancies. Second, nannies rarely sign long-term contracts with domestic companies and cannot fix the salary limit, resulting in nannies in some regions exchanging information and "colluding to raise salary".

According to the website of Beijing Development and Reform Commission, at present, the domestic service charges in Beijing are subject to market adjusted prices, which are set by the company independently. At the same time, according to Article 12 of the price law of the people's Republic of China, the charging standard for intermediary services with market adjusted prices shall be determined by the intermediary institutions independently. "Company independent pricing" means the lack of legal unified price standards, which gives the domestic industry an opportunity to set prices arbitrarily.

The domestic market is not standardized, mainly because of the lack of a set of good service standards and rules. At this stage, the construction of industry institutionalization needs to be improved, and the construction of industry access system, qualification recognition system and supervision system are insufficient. The construction of industry standardization is insufficient, and there is a lack of unified service quality, service process and service charging standard.

At present, the establishment of standards is mainly determined by enterprises themselves, and the service standards are difficult to standardize, and most enterprises are unable to establish a set of service standards for each project. Wages and service quality are the focus of disputes in family service disputes. If we can establish charging guidance standards and service quality standards for various family service industries, such disputes will be greatly reduced.

4. Difficulties in the development of employee system in domestic enterprises

Because the intermediary management model has the advantages of simple service process, low enterprise threshold, simple procedures, low enterprise cost and low operation risk, one desk, one chair, one telephone and one person can open the door for business - this model has become the main body of family service enterprises, especially domestic service.

The enterprise management mode characterized by small and scattered, the information of service personnel is imperfect, they can't get social insurance, the health status is opaque, and the comprehensive quality is difficult to guarantee; They can work without training, and the service quality is difficult to be effectively supervised. A large number of small enterprises not only bring a lot to market management, but also bury hidden dangers in service safety and dispute handling. Family service enterprises are difficult to brand, scale, standardize and chain operation.

Employee enterprises are regarded as the development trend of the industry. However, the signing of formal labor contracts, the provision of domestic training and the payment of social security expenses have greatly increased the cost of enterprises. At the same time, they also need to bear various risks in the process of family services. The development of employee enterprises is more difficult, and the ability to survive and resist risks is not strong.

5. The domestic training system is not perfect

At present, the training of family service industry is mainly divided into government led, market-oriented and enterprise led. For market and enterprise led enterprises, they often face problems that are difficult to solve in terms of cost and cost.

On the one hand, the government's support for market and enterprise led training is not enough, and the threshold of government subsidies is high; On the other hand, due to the large mobility of service personnel, family service enterprises and consumers are in their own consideration and have no willingness to pay for training; In addition, because family services are a buyer's market, it is easy for employees to find jobs, and their income is not high and they are unwilling to participate in training out of their own pocket.

Therefore, employee enterprises deserve social encouragement and praise, but as a development direction, they face high training costs and employee management costs, so they should also be supported by some national fiscal and tax policies.